来源头条作者:大学生的建议
induce [in?dju?s] vt. ①劝使，诱导②导致，引起
indulge [in?d?ld?] v. ①放任，纵容，沉溺
②使（自己）纵情享受
industrious [in?d?stri?s] a. 勤劳的，勤奋的
industry [?ind?stri] n. 工业，产业，行业；勤奋
inefficient [?ini?fi?(?)nt] a. 效率低的
inertia [i?n????] n. 惯性，惯量
inevitable [in?evit?bl] a. 不可避免的，必然发生的
【习惯用语】bow to the inevitable 听天由命
【试题精练】An argument was______because they disliked each other so intensely.
A. possible
B. probable
C. inevitable
D. decisive
【答案】C. inevitable a. 不可避免的，必然（要发生）的（如Pain is inevitable when one breaks a bone）。possible a. 可能的。probable a. 大概的，很可能的。decisive a. 决定性的；坚定的，果断的。
infant [?inf?nt] n. 婴儿，幼儿
infect [in?fekt] vt. ①传染，感染
②使受影响
infectious [in?fek??s] a. ①传染的
②易感染的
【同】liable to infection
infer [in?f??(r)] vt. 推理，推论
inference [?inf?r?ns] n. ①推断结果，结论②推论，推理，推断
【试题精练】When they saw the pile of paper on the teacher\’s desk, the class made the______that they would have written work.
A. decision
B. assumption
C. judgment
D. inference
【答案】D. inference n. 推断，推理，推论，结论（如We can draw/make inferences from his letters. He never arrives on time, and my inference is that he feels the meetings are useless.）。decision n. 决定；果断。assumption n. 假定，臆断。judgment n. 看法，意见，评价。
inferior [in?fi?ri?(r)] a. 次的，低劣的；下级的
【习惯用语】①be inferior to 在……之下；次于；不如②be sb\’s inferior in 在……方面不及某人③inferior by comparison 相形见绌
【试题精练】The shop-assistant was straightforward with his customers. If an article was of______quality he\’d tell them so.
A. miserable
B. minor
C. subordinate
D. inferior
【答案】D. inferior (to) a. 劣等的，次的；下等的，下级的（be inferior to 比……差；地位比……低，如Foreign mutton is inferior to home-grown in flavour.）。miserable a. 痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的。minor a. 较小的，较少的，较次要的。subordinate (to) a. 次要的；下级的，隶属的。
infinite [?inf?nit] a. ①无限的，无穷的
【同】immense, boundless
②无数的，数不尽的
【同】innumerable, myriad
③很深的，无底的
inflation [in?flei?(?)n] n. 膨胀，通货膨胀
【长难例句】Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. 宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。
【试题精练】President Jimmy Carter in turn agreed to try to reduce American oil imports and stem______in the United States.
A. inflation
B. expansion
C. rise
D. growth
【答案】A. inflation n. 通货膨胀（如Chile has reduced its inflation in the past year from a hundred per cent to fifty.）。expansion n. 扩大，扩充；扩张，膨胀。rise n. 上涨，增高；起源，发生。growth n. 增长，增加；生长，发展。
influence [?influ?ns] n. 影响，感化；权力，权势
【同】affection, impact, power, might, authority
vt. 影响
【同】affect
【习惯用语】under the influence 在……的影响下
【长难例句】As for the influence of computerization, nowhere we have seen the results more clearly than in the U. S., which really have surprised us all. 就计算机化的影响而言，其结果在美国比在任何地方都明显，这真使我们大开眼界。
【试题精练】The persons that have the greatest______on children are their teachers.
A. effect
B. influence
C. impression
D. impact
【答案】B. influence n. 影响，感化力（多作不可数名词）（have influence on/with/over sb 对……有影响；under the influence of 在……的影响下）。effect n. 效果，作用，影响；结果（have an effect on.（以事物作主语；对……产生影响）。impression n. 印象，感想（make/leave an impression on sb/on sb\’s mind/in one\’s memory）。impact n.（本义)冲击，碰撞；（引申)（强烈的）作用，影响（have/make a great impact on sb（以事物作主语）对……产生巨大的影响。
influential [?influ?en?(?)l] a. 有影响的，有势力的
【试题精练】She was an______writer because she persuaded a lot of people to see the truth of her ideas.
A. influential
B. accurate
C. versatile
D. productive
【答案】A. influential a. 有影响的，有权势的。accurate a. 准确的，精确的。versatile a. 多才多艺的，有多种技能的；万能的，有多种用途的。productive (of) a. 多产的，富饶的；富有成效的。
inform [in?f??m] v. 通知，告诉；告发，告密
【习惯用语】①be informed of 听说；接到……的通知②be rightly [wrongly] informed 得到正确的［错误的］知识［情报］③keep…informed 随时向……报告情况
informal [in?f??m(?)l] a. ①非正式的，非正规的
②通俗的，口语的
information [?inf??mei?(?)n] n. 信息，消息，资料
【习惯用语】①as far as (our) information goes 照（我们）现有的资料来看②ask for information 打听消息③lay an information against [on, upon] sb 告发某人
【长难例句】Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today. 到哪儿寻求专家信息以及如何决定接受哪个专家的建议是当今许多人所面临的问题。
infrared [?infr??red] n. 红外线
infrastructure [?infr?str?kt??(r)] n. 基础结构，基础设施
【长难例句】The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you\’re going to be. 你拥有的能帮助建设第三次浪潮基础设施（即当今信息通讯设施）的外国投资越多，你将来就会越富有。
ingenious [in?d?i?ni?s] a. ①机敏的，有发明才能的
②精致的，巧妙的
ingredient [in?ɡri?di?nt] n. ①（混合物的）组成部分，配料
【同】component
②成分，要素
【同】factor, element, constituent
【试题精练】One______needed when making a cake is flour, another is sugar.
A. component
B. material
C. accessory
D. ingredient
【答案】D. ingredient n. （烹调的）原料；（混合物的）组成部分，成分；（构成……的）要素，因素（如What ingredients went into the soup? the ingredients of a cake; the ingredients of a man\’s character）。component n. 组成部分；部件，元件。material n. 材料，原料；素材，资料。accessory n. 附件，配件。
inhabit [in?h?bit] vt. 居住于
inhabitant [in?h?bit?nt] n. 居民，住户
inhale [in?heil] v. 吸入（气体等）
inherent [in?hi?r?nt] a. （in）内在的，固有的，生来就有的
inherit [in?herit] vt. 继承；遗传
【试题精练】She______a large amount of money from her father when he died.
A. received
B. accepted
C. inherited
D. took
【答案】C. inherit vt. 继承。receive vt. 收到，接到；遭受，受到；接待，接见。accept vt. 接受，领受；认可；相信。take vt. 拿，带。
inhibit [in?hibit] vt. ①抑制，约束
②禁止，阻止
initial [i?ni?(?)l] a. 开始的，最初的
【同】fist, beginning
n. 首字母
initiate [i?ni?i?t] vt. ①开始，创始，发动
②启蒙，使入门
【同】enlighten
③引入，正式介绍
【同】introduce
initiative [i?ni?i?tiv] n. 创始
【同】creativity, originality, drive, ethusiasm
a. 初步的
【试题精练】Peter took the______in clearing up the mess, and the other boys followed his example.
A. initiative
B. step
C. trouble
D. pains
【答案】A. initiative n. 主动行动；倡议（如A leader must have initiative. to act on one\’s own initiative. He took the initiative by speaking first at the meeting.）（注：下面是几个固定说法：take steps to＋动词原形，采取措施做……；take trouble with/over sth; take the trouble to＋动词原形，费事，费心，下工夫做……；take pains with sth/to＋动词原形，极力，下工夫做……）。
inject [in?d?ekt] vt. 注射，注入
injection [in?d?ek?(?)n] n. ①注射，打针，注入②注射剂；针药
injure [?ind??(r)] vt. ①损害，伤害
②刺伤（感情）
to injure a man\’s pride伤某人的自尊心
injury [?ind??ri] n. ①损害，伤害，毁坏
②损害或伤害的行为
【习惯用语】①be an injury to 伤害……，危害……，对……有害②do sb an injury (＝do an injury to sb) 伤害某人
ink [i?k] n. 墨水
【习惯用语】①(as) black as ink 前途黯淡，一片漆黑②before the ink is dry 墨迹未干；立刻③red ink［美］商业上的亏损，赤字
inland [in?l?nd] a. 内地的，内陆的，国内的
inlet [?inlet] n. ①水湾，海湾
【同】bay, gulf
②入口，进口
【同】entrance, entry, opening
vt. 引进，插入
inn [in] n. 小旅馆
【同】hotel, cafe
【习惯用语】the Inns of Court 英国伦敦培养律师的四个学院（Inner Temple, Middle Temple, Lincoln\’s Inn和Gray\’s Inn）；该四个律师学院所属的建筑物
inner [?in?(r)] a. 内部的，里面的；内心的
innocence [?in?s?ns] n. ①无罪
【同】crimelessness
②天真
【同】naivete, simplicity
③无害
【同】harmlessness
innocent [?in?s?nt] a. 无辜的，无罪的；天真的
innumerable [i?nju?m?r?b(?)l] a. 无数的，数不清的
innovation [in??vei?(?)n] n. 改革，创新
innovate [?in?veit] vi. 革新，变革
input [?input] n. 输入 v. 输入
inquire [in?kwai?(r)] (＝enquire) vt. 询问，打听；调查
【习惯用语】①inquire about [upon] 查询，打听，了解②nquire after 问候③inquire for 询问；要求见（某人）；要买（某物）；问候
【试题精练】If you want to know the train schedule, please______at the booking office.
A. acquire
B. inquire
C. request
D. require
【答案】B. inquire v. 打听，询问；调查，查问（inquire what/why/whether＋从句；inquire where/how to＋动词原形；inquire after问候（某人或某人的健康状况）；inquire into 调查，了解。acquire vt.（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力）得到，获得（跟抽象名词）。request vt. 请求，要求。require vt. 需要；要求，规定。
inquiry [in?kwai?ri] (＝enquiry) n. 询问，打听；调查
【习惯用语】①answer sb\’s inquiries 回答某人的质询②bear inquiry [investigation] ［常用于否定句］经得起追究，不怕追查③hold an inquiry into a case 对一个案子进行调查
inrol(l) [in?r?ul] vt. ①登记，编入，使入学
【同】list, register, write
②使入伍
③列入
insane [in?sein] a. ①蠢极的，荒唐的
②精神病的，精神失常的，疯狂的
insect [?insekt] n. 虫，昆虫
insert [in?s??t] vt. 插入，写进
【同】put in, place in, inject
【派】insertion
insight [?insait] n. ①洞察力，见识，深刻地了解
【同】understanding, wisdom
②辨别
【同】discernment, judgement, acumen
【试题精练】These excursions will give you an even deeper______into our language and culture.
A. inquiry
B. investigation
C. input
D. insight
【答案】D. insight (into) n. 洞察力；洞悉；深刻见解（如have/get/gain [an] insight into sth; give sb an insight into sth; We study science to gain insight into natural laws. He has a great insight into modern science.）（注：insight为不可数名词，但可加不定冠词）。inquiry n. 打听，询问；调查，查问。investigation n. 调查，调查研究。input n. 输入；投入的资金或物质（input and output 投入与产出）。
insist [in?sist] v. 坚持；坚决主张
【习惯用语】insist on 坚持；坚决主张；一定要
【派】insistence, insistent
inspect [in?spekt] vt. 视察；检查
【习惯用语】inspect…for…检查……是否有……；就……而检查
inspector [in?spekt?(r)] n. 检查员，视察员
【同】examiner
inspection [in?spek?(?)n] n. 视察，检查
inspiration [?inspi?rei?(?)n] n. ①鼓舞，鼓励
【同】encouragement, incentive
【反】discouragement, disheartenment
②启发，灵感
【同】enlightenment
inspire [in?spai?(r)] vt. ①鼓励，鼓舞；使产生灵感
【同】encourage, stir, arouse
【反】discourage, dishearten
②促成；导致
【习惯用语】①inspire sth in sb (＝inspire sb with sth) 使某人产生某种感情；激发某人的某种感情②inspire sth into sb 把某种思想灌输给某人 a philosophy which inspired revolution 一个引起革命的哲学思想
【派】inspiration, inspiring
【试题精练】Magnificent views over the countryside have often______people to write poems.
A. excited
B. induced
C. inspired
D. attracted
【答案】C. inspire vt. 给……以灵感；鼓舞，激发（如His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. His wife inspired his first novel. His speech inspired us to try again. You inspire me to greater efforts. He inspires dislike in me.）。excite vt. 引起，激起；使兴奋，使激动。induce vt. 引起，导致；引诱，劝。attract vt. 吸引，引起……的注意。
install [in?st??l] vt. ①安装，设置
【同】fix, set
②（以正式仪式）使就职
【同】appoint, designate
install a dean 使院长就职
③安置
to install oneself in an easy chair 安坐于安乐椅中
【派】installation, installer
【试题精练】The new owner of the house had electric lights______at once.
A. installed
B. inserted
C. fixed
D. repaired
【答案】A. instal(l) vt. 安装，设置（如A man came to install a telephone in our house.）。insert (into) vt. 插入，嵌入。fix vt. 安装，固定；修理；安排。repair vt. 修理，修补；补救。
installation [?inst??lei?(?)n] n. 安装；装置，设备
【同】placement, fixation, equipment, apparatus, machinery
instal(l)ment [in?st??lm?nt] n. ①分期付款
【同】divided payments
②（连载的）一部分，一期
【同】part, issue
instance [?inst?ns] n. 例子，实例，例证
【同】example, case
【习惯用语】①at the instance of 应……的请求②for instance 例如，举例说
instant [?inst(?)nt] n. 瞬间，即刻
【同】moment, second
a. 即刻的；急迫的；（食品）速溶的，方便的
【同】prompt, immediate, quick, pressing, urgent
【习惯用语】①(at) any instant 随时；在任何情况下②for an instant 片刻，一瞬间③from instant to instant 时时刻刻
instantaneous [?inst?n?teini?s] a. 瞬间的，即刻的
instead [in?sted] ad. 代替；反而，却
【习惯用语】instead of 代替；而不是；不……而……
【试题精练】They must make up their own minds ______of our making up their minds for them.
A. despite
B. instead
C. regardless
D. ahead
【答案】B. instead of 代替，而不。despite prep. 不管，尽管（后面不跟of）。regardless of 不顾，不惜。ahead of 在……前。
